Single-Subject Experimental Designs: What are they and how do I pick the right one?

Most studies in both behavior analytic and educational research utilize single-subject (or single-case) experimental designs. The defining feature of single-subject research (SSR) is that the individual acts at their own ‘control’ group. Rather than compare two groups of students in which one group receives the new intervention and another group continues with ‘teaching as usual,’ single-subject studies usually start with the individuals in a baseline condition. By collecting data in the environment for several days/weeks prior to intervention, researchers are able to determine a stable rate of responding such that a baseline level of performance is established. After implementing the intervention, ongoing data collection and visual analysis of graphed data allows for a clear analysis of subsequent behavior change.

As I said earlier, the options for single-subject experimental designs are many: alternating treatment, multiple baseline, reversal, withdrawal, changing criterion, and countless other unique combinations and modifications to these 5 designs. The resource document provided below includes many great resources for: understanding SSR; experimental designs and their pro’s, con’s and important considerations; comparison of SSR to typical ‘group’ designs; and more!

This resource should help future behavior analysts understand the difference between different SSR experimental designs, researchers looking to select the appropriate design, and practitioners as they review existing research.

You can download the SingleSubjectDesigns resource guide from HERE free of charge!

Unsure what SSR design is best for your study? Looking to craft a unique design to answer multiple components of your empirical question? Use the Contact page to reach out to Justin directly – he loves talking research and can offer an experienced analytic lens to help you move your research forward!